Sophia University, also known by its Japanese name 上智大学 (Jōchi Daigaku), is a private research university in Japan.

Kansai University (関西大学, Kansai Daigaku), abbreviated as Kandai (関大) or Kansaidai (関西大), is a private non-sectarian and coeducational university.

International Christian University (国際基督教大学, Kokusai Kirisutokyō Daigaku, ICU) is a non-denominational private university located in Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan.

Chuo University (中央大学, Chūō Daigaku, lit. central university), commonly referred to as Chuo (中央) or Chu-Dai (中大), is a private flagship research university in Tokyo, Japan.

Keio University (慶應義塾大学, Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan.

Tokyo University of Science (東京理科大学, Tōkyō Rika Daigaku), formerly "Science University of Tokyo" or TUS